Effectiveness of Heavy Slow Resistance Training for Lower Limb Tendinopathy
A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51224/SRXIV.104Keywords:
Exercise, Tendinopathy, Heavy slow resistance training, resistance training, TendonAbstract
Review Objective: To synthesize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of heavy slow resistance training interventions for treating lower limb tendinopathies.
Introduction: Recent evidence suggests heavy slow resistance training may be more effective than other treatments and types of resistance training such as eccentric training, for treating lower limb tendinopathies. However, no systematic reviews have been conducted on the topic and optimal treatment protocols and clinical recommendations are lacking.
Inclusion criteria: Randomised controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of heavy slow resistance training interventions for treating lower limb tendinopathies in adults will be included.
Methods: The authors will search for a wide range of sources to find published studies via EBSCOhost, including, but not limited to, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED). Studies published in a language other than English will only be considered if a translation is available. The JBI systematic review methodology will be followed when conducting the review. Data synthesis will be conducted using meta-analysis or narrative synthesis, where appropriate.
Metrics
References
ALBERS, I.S., ZWERVER, J., DIERCKS, R.L., DEKKER, J.H. and VAN DEN AKKER-SCHEEK, I., 2016. Incidence and prevalence of lower extremity tendinopathy in a Dutch general practice population: a cross sectional study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 17, pp. 16-016-0885-2.
ARNOLD, M.J. and MOODY, A.L., 2018. Common Running Injuries: Evaluation and Management. American Family Physician, 97(8), pp. 510-516.
BALSHEM, H., HELFAND, M., SCHUNEMANN, H.J., OXMAN, A.D., KUNZ, R., BROZEK, J., VIST, G.E., FALCK-YTTER, Y., MEERPOHL, J., NORRIS, S. and GUYATT, G.H., 2011. GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 64(4), pp. 401-406.
BEYER, R., KONGSGAARD, M., HOUGS KJAER, B., OHLENSCHLAEGER, T., KJAER, M. and MAGNUSSON, S.P., 2015. Heavy Slow Resistance Versus Eccentric Training as Treatment for Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(7), pp. 1704-1711.
BOHM, S., MERSMANN, F. and ARAMPATZIS, A., 2015. Human tendon adaptation in response to mechanical loading: a systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise intervention studies on healthy adults. Sports medicine - open, 1(1), pp. 7-015-0009-9. Epub 2015 Mar 27.
BOONSTRA, A.M., SCHIPHORST PREUPER, H.R., RENEMAN, M.F., POSTHUMUS, J.B. and STEWART, R.E., 2008. Reliability and validity of the visual analogue scale for disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. International journal of rehabilitation research.Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung.Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation, 31(2), pp. 165-169.
BUDIMAN-MAK, E., CONRAD, K.J., MAZZA, J. and STUCK, R.M., 2013. A review of the foot function index and the foot function index - revised. Journal of foot and ankle research, 6(1), pp. 5-1146-6-5.
CARDOSO, T.B., PIZZARI, T., KINSELLA, R., HOPE, D. and COOK, J.L., 2019. Current trends in tendinopathy management. Best practice & research.Clinical rheumatology, 33(1), pp. 122-140.
CHALLOUMAS, D., PEDRET, C., BIDDLE, M., NG, N.Y.B., KIRWAN, P., COOPER, B., NICHOLAS, P., WILSON, S., CLIFFORD, C. and MILLAR, N.L., 2021. Management of patellar tendinopathy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised studies. BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 7(4), pp. e001110.
CHARROIS, T.L., 2015. Systematic reviews: what do you need to know to get started? The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy, 68(2), pp. 144-148.
DEAN, B.J.F., DAKIN, S.G., MILLAR, N.L. and CARR, A.J., 2017. Review: Emerging concepts in the pathogenesis of tendinopathy. The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland, 15(6), pp. 349-354.
GAIDA, J.E. and COOK, J., 2011. Treatment options for patellar tendinopathy: critical review. Current sports medicine reports, 10(5), pp. 255-270.
GUYATT, G.H., OXMAN, A.D., KUNZ, R., JAESCHKE, R., HELFAND, M., LIBERATI, A., VIST, G.E., SCHUNEMANN, H.J. and GRADE WORKING GROUP, 2008. Incorporating considerations of resources use into grading recommendations. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 336(7654), pp. 1170-1173.
HERDMAN, M., GUDEX, C., LLOYD, A., JANSSEN, M., KIND, P., PARKIN, D., BONSEL, G. and BADIA, X., 2011. Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 20(10), pp. 1727-1736.
HOPKINS, C., FU, S.C., CHUA, E., HU, X., ROLF, C., MATTILA, V.M., QIN, L., YUNG, P.S. and CHAN, K.M., 2016. Critical review on the socio-economic impact of tendinopathy. Asia-Pacific journal of sports medicine, arthroscopy, rehabilitation and technology, 4, pp. 9-20.
JANSSEN, I., VAN DER WORP, H., HENSING, S. and ZWERVER, J., 2018. Investigating Achilles and patellar tendinopathy prevalence in elite athletics. Research in sports medicine (Print), 26(1), pp. 1-12.
KHAN, K.M. and SCOTT, A., 2009. Mechanotherapy: how physical therapists' prescription of exercise promotes tissue repair. British journal of sports medicine, 43(4), pp. 247-252.
KONGSGAARD, M., KOVANEN, V., AAGAARD, P., DOESSING, S., HANSEN, P., LAURSEN, A.H., KALDAU, N.C., KJAER, M. and MAGNUSSON, S.P., 2009. Corticosteroid injections, eccentric decline squat training and heavy slow resistance training in patellar tendinopathy. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 19(6), pp. 790-802.
KORAKAKIS, V., WHITELEY, R., KOTSIFAKI, A., STEFANAKIS, M., SOTIRALIS, Y. and THORBORG, K., 2021. A systematic review evaluating the clinimetric properties of the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA) questionnaires for lower limb tendinopathy shows moderate to high-quality evidence for sufficient reliability, validity and responsiveness-part II. Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 29(9), pp. 2765-2788.
LIAN, O.B., ENGEBRETSEN, L. and BAHR, R., 2005. Prevalence of jumper's knee among elite athletes from different sports: a cross-sectional study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(4), pp. 561-567.
LIM, H.Y. and WONG, S.H., 2018. Effects of isometric, eccentric, or heavy slow resistance exercises on pain and function in individuals with patellar tendinopathy: A systematic review. Physiotherapy Research International : The Journal for Researchers and Clinicians in Physical Therapy, 23(4), pp. e1721.
MAGNUSSON, S.P. and KJAER, M., 2019. The impact of loading, unloading, ageing and injury on the human tendon. The Journal of physiology, 597(5), pp. 1283-1298.
MALLIARAS, P., BARTON, C.J., REEVES, N.D. and LANGBERG, H., 2013. Achilles and patellar tendinopathy loading programmes : a systematic review comparing clinical outcomes and identifying potential mechanisms for effectiveness. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 43(4), pp. 267-286.
MALLOWS, A., DEBENHAM, J., WALKER, T. and LITTLEWOOD, C., 2017. Association of psychological variables and outcome in tendinopathy: a systematic review. British journal of sports medicine, 51(9), pp. 743-748.
MARTIN, R.L., IRRGANG, J.J., BURDETT, R.G., CONTI, S.F. and VAN SWEARINGEN, J.M., 2005. Evidence of validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). Foot & ankle international, 26(11), pp. 968-983.
MURTAUGH, B. and IHM, J.M., 2013. Eccentric training for the treatment of tendinopathies. Current sports medicine reports, 12(3), pp. 175-182.
MUSTAFA, R.A., SANTESSO, N., BROZEK, J., AKL, E.A., WALTER, S.D., NORMAN, G., KULASEGARAM, M., CHRISTENSEN, R., GUYATT, G.H., FALCK-YTTER, Y., CHANG, S., MURAD, M.H., VIST, G.E., LASSERSON, T., GARTLEHNER, G., SHUKLA, V., SUN, X., WHITTINGTON, C., POST, P.N., LANG, E., THALER, K., KUNNAMO, I., ALENIUS, H., MEERPOHL, J.J., ALBA, A.C., NEVIS, I.F., GENTLES, S., ETHIER, M.C., CARRASCO-LABRA, A., KHATIB, R., NESRALLAH, G., KROFT, J., SELK, A., BRIGNARDELLO-PETERSEN, R. and SCHUNEMANN, H.J., 2013. The GRADE approach is reproducible in assessing the quality of evidence of quantitative evidence syntheses. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 66(7), pp. 736-42; quiz 742.e1-5.
RATHLEFF, M.S., MOLGAARD, C.M., FREDBERG, U., KAALUND, S., ANDERSEN, K.B., JENSEN, T.T., AASKOV, S. and OLESEN, J.L., 2015. High-load strength training improves outcome in patients with plantar fasciitis: A randomized controlled trial with 12-month follow-up. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 25(3), pp. e292-300.
RIEL, H., JENSEN, M.B., OLESEN, J.L., VICENZINO, B. and RATHLEFF, M.S., 2019. Self-dosed and pre-determined progressive heavy-slow resistance training have similar effects in people with plantar fasciopathy: a randomised trial. Journal of physiotherapy, 65(3), pp. 144-151.
RIEL, H., LINDSTROM, C.F., RATHLEFF, M.S., JENSEN, M.B. and OLESEN, J.L., 2019. Prevalence and incidence rate of lower-extremity tendinopathies in a Danish general practice: a registry-based study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 20(1), pp. 239-019-2629-6.
ROQUE, M., MARTINEZ-GARCIA, L., SOLA, I., ALONSO-COELLO, P., BONFILL, X. and ZAMORA, J., 2020. Toolkit of methodological resources to conduct systematic reviews. F1000Research, 9, pp. 82.
SCOTT, A., LIAN, O., BAHR, R., HART, D.A., DURONIO, V. and KHAN, K.M., 2008. Increased mast cell numbers in human patellar tendinosis: correlation with symptom duration and vascular hyperplasia. British journal of sports medicine, 42(9), pp. 753-757.
SEITZ, A.L., MCCLURE, P.W., FINUCANE, S., BOARDMAN, N.D.,3RD and MICHENER, L.A., 2011. Mechanisms of rotator cuff tendinopathy: intrinsic, extrinsic, or both? Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), 26(1), pp. 1-12.
SKJONG, C.C., MEININGER, A.K. and HO, S.S., 2012. Tendinopathy treatment: where is the evidence? Clinics in sports medicine, 31(2), pp. 329-350.
SPRAGUE, A.L., SMITH, A.H., KNOX, P., POHLIG, R.T. and GRAVARE SILBERNAGEL, K., 2018. Modifiable risk factors for patellar tendinopathy in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British journal of sports medicine, 52(24), pp. 1575-1585.
STEINMANN, S., PFEIFER, C.G., BROCHHAUSEN, C. and DOCHEVA, D., 2020. Spectrum of Tendon Pathologies: Triggers, Trails and End-State. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(3), pp. 10.3390/ijms21030844.
STERNE, J.A., HERNAN, M.A., REEVES, B.C., SAVOVIC, J., BERKMAN, N.D., VISWANATHAN, M., HENRY, D., ALTMAN, D.G., ANSARI, M.T., BOUTRON, I., CARPENTER, J.R., CHAN, A.W., CHURCHILL, R., DEEKS, J.J., HROBJARTSSON, A., KIRKHAM, J., JUNI, P., LOKE, Y.K., PIGOTT, T.D., RAMSAY, C.R., REGIDOR, D., ROTHSTEIN, H.R., SANDHU, L., SANTAGUIDA, P.L., SCHUNEMANN, H.J., SHEA, B., SHRIER, I., TUGWELL, P., TURNER, L., VALENTINE, J.C., WADDINGTON, H., WATERS, E., WELLS, G.A., WHITING, P.F. and HIGGINS, J.P., 2016. ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 355, pp. i4919.
WANG, J.H., GUO, Q. and LI, B., 2012. Tendon biomechanics and mechanobiology--a minireview of basic concepts and recent advancements. Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists, 25(2), pp. 133-40; quiz 141.
ZWERVER, J., BREDEWEG, S.W. and VAN DEN AKKER-SCHEEK, I., 2011. Prevalence of Jumper's knee among nonelite athletes from different sports: a cross-sectional survey. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(9), pp. 1984-1988.
Downloads
Posted
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Ian Burton
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
